Moreover, we find that it is primarily small private companies that are more likely to have relocated as a consequence of the Eastern Province Feeder Road Project (EPFRP). Through a qualitative analysis we find that improved access to external markets is a critical determinant of the households‘ ability to increase their income and break out of the poverty trap. Although, the mean cotton sales share of household income more than doubled, the estimation results only show small gains to mean consumption. Instead by relying on a micro-level approach our key findings are the following: At the district level improved accessibility led to changes in land allocation and in yields to Eastern Province of Zambia‘s most important cash crop – cotton. Conceptually the thesis extracts insights gained from growth theories and the traditional cross-country literature on the relationships between infrastructure provision and growth, while recognizing that this macro approach is inadequate for evaluating the effects at the sub-national level. Thus, the objective of the thesis is to empirically establish the structural relationship between RTI development, pro-poor rural growth and agricultural trade. These facts should lend credence to the perception of rural transport infrastructure (RTI) as an important policy instrument for rural development. Poverty is largely found in the rural areas and rural employment is still mainly found in the agricultural sector.
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